Comfortable little houses set off in plots of brown grass—Singer walked in these parts also. Here the children were huskier and more friendly to strangers. He roamed through the neighborhoods of the rich. There were houses, very grand and old, with white columns and intricate fences of wrought iron.

We must remember the words of Karl Marx and see the truth according to his teachings. The injustice of need must bring us all together and not separate us. We must remember that we all make the things of this earth of value because of our labor.

merchandise we buy in a store? The value depends only on one thing—and that is the work it took to make or to raise this article. Why does a brick house cost more than a cabbage? Because the work of many men goes into the making of one brick house. There are the people who made the bricks and mortar and the people who cut down the trees to make the planks used for the floor. There are the men who made the building of the brick house possible. There are the men who carried the materials to the ground where the house was to be built. There are the men who made the wheelbarrows and trucks that carried the materials to this place. Then finally there are the workmen who built the house. A brick house involves the labor of many, many people—while any of us can raise a cabbage in his back yard. A brick house costs more than a cabbage because it takes more work to make. So when a man buys this brick house he is paying for the labor that went to make it. But who gets the money—the profit? Not the many men who did the work—but the bosses who control them. And if you study this further you will find that these bosses have bosses above them and those bosses have bosses higher up —so that the real people who control all this work, which makes any article worth money, are very few. Is this clear so far?』

These are the gifts from our guests who have nothing better to contribute. I will find some purpose for them later."Then suppose you look over these here boxes and sacks so I

The silver snow on the Christmas tree had been tracked over the floors and two of the ornaments were broken.

Today we are to confer the five-dollar award upon the high-school student who wrote the best essay on the topic, "My Ambition: How I can Better the Position of the Negro Race in Society." This year the award goes to Lancy Davis. Doctor Copeland took an envelope from his pocket "There is no need for me to tell you that the value of this award is not wholly in the sum of money it represents— but the sacred trust and faith that goes with it.』

rwould not wish to cut up the mule to four parts and each take his share. They would own and work the mule together. That is the way Marx says all of the natural resources should be owned—not by one group of rich people but by all the workers of the world as a whole.

You mope and drool around until I cannot bear to look on you.』

He struggled for the control in htm. He struggled and at last the discipline returned. He pushed down the shout in him and sought for the strong, true voice.

"What is the value of any piece of property, of any

No, said Doctor Copeland. But I wish you to come and talk with me sometime this week.』

Joyful Christmas to you! said John Roberts, the postman. He moved happily about the crowded room, one shoulder held higher than the other, mopping his face with a white silk handkerchief.

Listen! One out of five of us labors to build roads, or to take

For people who take in washing and work as cooks, who pick cotton and work at the hot dye vats of the factories. His mission was for us, and the name of this man was Karl Marx.

In the room there was a murmur. Hysteria mounted. Doctor Copeland choked and clenched his fists. He felt as though he had swelled up to the size of a giant. The love inhim made his chest a dynamo, and he wanted to shout so that his voice could be heard throughout the town. He wanted to fall upon the floor and call out in a giant voice. The room was full of moans and shouts.

My People, began Doctor Copeland blankly. There was a pause. Then suddenly the words came to him.

What was he looking for? His hands rummaged in the drawer and then at last he arose stiffly.

No, said Doctor Copeland. That is not wholly true. Mr.

You got to find something to grumble about. Here we haves about four pecks of peas, twenty sacks of meaL about fifteen pounds of side meat, mullet, six dozen eggs, plenty grits, jars of tomatoes and peaches. Apples and two dozen oranges. Also garments. And two mattresses and four blankets. I call this something!』

Save us!』

ribbons and others wrapped in newspapers, were thrust into his hands. He could find no place to put them. The air thickened and voices grew louder. Faces whirled about him so that he could recognize no one. His composure returned to him gradu九_九_藏_書ally. He found space to lay aside the presents in his arms. The dizziness lessened, the room cleared. He settled his spectacles and began to look around him.

Some of you young people here this morning may feel the need to be teachers or nurses or leaders of your race. But most of you will be denied. You will have to sell yourselves for a useless purpose in order to keep alive. You will be thrust back and defeated. The young chemist picks cotton. The young writer is unable to learn to read. The teacher is held in useless slavery at some ironing board. We have no representatives in government. We have no vote. In all of this great country we are the most oppressed of all people. We cannot lift up our voices. Our tongues rot in our mouths from lack of use. Our hearts grow empty and lose strength for our purpose.

He was tired, but the joy and the fever would not let him rest

restlessness could be felt. There was a fervid outbreak of new beliefs. A young man who had worked at the dye vats in a mill claimed suddenly that a great holy power had come in him. He said it was his duty to deliver a new set of commandments from the Lord, The young man set up a tabernacle and hundreds of people came each night to roll on the ground and shake each other, for they believed that they were in the presence of something more than human. There was murder, too. A woman who couldnot make enough to eat believed that a foreman had cheated on her work tokens and she stabbed him in the throat. A family of Negroes moved into the end house on one of the most dismal streets, and this caused so much indignation that the house was burned and the black man beaten by his neighbors. But these were incidents. Nothing had really changed. The strike that was talked about never came off because they could not get together. All was the same as before. Even on the coldest nights the Sunny Dixie Show was open. The people dreamed and fought and slept as much as ever. And by habit they shortened their thoughts so that they would not wander out into the darkness beyond tomorrow.

How much that he had said today was understood? How much would be of any value? He recalled the words he had used, and they seemed to fade and lose their strength. The words left unsaid were heavier on his heart. They rolled up to his lips and fretted them. The faces of his suffering people moved in a swelling mass before his eyes. And as he steered the automobile slowly down the street his heart turned with this angry, restless love.

Doctor Copeland went to the filing case in his bedroom where he kept notes on all of his patients. He took out the card marked Mrs. Dan Davis and Family and glanced through the notations until he reached Lancys name. The date was four years ago. The entries on him were written with more care than the others and in ink: thirteen years old—past puberty.

People of the Negro race! We bring with us all the riches of the human mind and soul. We offer the most precious of all

One hundred and twenty years ago another man was born in the country that is known as Germany—a country far across the Atlantic Ocean. This man understood as did Jesus. But his thoughts were not concerned with Heaven or the future of the dead. His mission was for the living. For the great masses of human beings who work and suffer and work until they die.

There are a few calls I must make, but I will be back shortly.』

Attention! he called. We will save ourselves. But not by prayers of mourning. Not by indolence or strong drink. Not by the pleasures of the body or by ignorance. Not by submission and humbleness. But by pride. By dignity. By becoming hard and strong. We must build strength for our real true purpose.』

always and not forget.

A jumbled pile of letters. Notes from the Association for the Advancement of Colored People. A yellowed letter from Daisy. A note from Hamilton asking for a dollar and a half.

After the festivity the rooms had a bare, ruined look. The house was cold. Portia was washing the cups in the kitchen.

The seats were all filled and the young people sat in rows on the floor. The hall, the porch, even the yard were crowded with silent guests. The time had come for him to speak—and what was he to say? Panic tightened his throat. The room waited. At a sign from John Roberts all sounds were hushed.

It was finished. Hands were clapped, feet were stamped upon the floor and en the hard winter ground outside. Theodor of hot, strong coffee floated from the kitchen. John Roberts took charge of the presents, calling out the names written on the cards. Portia ladled the coffee from the dish-pan on the stove while Marshall Nicolls passed slices of cake.

I reckon I have to.』

Unsuccessful attempt self-emasculation. Oversexed and hyperthyroid. Wept boisterously during two visits, though little pain. Voluble—very glad to see 九*九*藏*書Lucy Davis—mother washerwoman. Intelligent talk through paranoiac.

But my people! We in this room—we Negroes—have another mission that is for ourselves alone. Within us there is a strong, true purpose, and if we fail in this purpose we will be forever lost. Let us see, then, what is the nature of this special mission.』

There were paper sacks of groceries and clothing, all marked with a red Christmas card. Anyone who cared to come was invited to the party, but those who meant to attend had stopped by the house and written (or had asked a friend to write) their names in a guest book kept on the table in the hall for that purpose. The sacks were piled on the floor. There were about forty of them, each one depending in size on the need of the receiver. Some gifts were only small packages of nuts or raisins and others were boxes almost too heavy for a man to lift The kitchen was crowded with good things. Doctor Copeland stood in the doorway and his nostrils quivered with pride.

He stopped abruptly and held himself very straight. Each year at this time we illustrate in our small way the first commandment from Karl Marx. Every one of you at this gathering has brought in advance some gift. Many of you have denied yourselves comfort that the needs of others may be lessened. Each of you has given according to his best ability, without thought to the value of the gift he will receive in return. It is natural for us to share with each other. We have long realized that it is more blessed to give than to receive.

Merry Christmas! Merry Christmas! There was Marshall Nicolls, the pharmacist, in a long-tailed coat, conversing with his son-in-law who worked on a garbage truck. The preacher from the Most Holy Ascension Church had come. And two deacons from other churches. Highboy, wearing a loud checked suit, moved sociably through the crowd. Husky young dandies bowed to young women in long, bright-colored dresses. There were mothers with children and deliberate old men who spat into gaudy handkerchiefs. The room was warm andnoisy.

But here! Us got to quit this here talking and get ready. It mighty near time for the party to come.』

Hold up your shoulders, he said angrily. And cease moping.

Karl Marx was a wise man. He studied and worked and understood the world around him. He said that the world was divided into two classes, the poor and the rich. For every rich man there were a thousand poor people who worked for this rich man to make him richer. He did not divide the world into Negroes or white people or Chinese—to Karl Marx it seemed that being one of the millions of poor people or one of the few rich was more important to a man than the color of his skin.

The doors and the windows were open. Draughts blew through the room so that the fire roared. The noises quieted.

gifts. And our offerings are held in scorn and contempt. Our gifts are trampled in the mud and made useless. We are put to labor more useless than the work of beasts. Negroes! We must arise and be whole again! We must be free!』

O.K.』

He walked past the big brick houses where automobiles honked in the driveways and where the plumes of smoke rolled lavishly from chimneys. And out to the very edges of the roads that led from the town to general stores where fanners came on Saturday nights and sat around the stove. He wandered often about the four main business blocks that were brightly lighted and then through the black, deserted alleys

That how things is!』

?Now, there you go, Father! I know good and well you just as pleased as you can be. But you dont want to show it.

can commence to tie them up. There aint going to be room here in the kitchen. Time they all pile in for the refreshments.

That is a good point, said Doctor Copeland. Land, clay, timber—those things are called natural resources. Man does not make these natural resources—man only develops them, only uses them for work. Therefore should any one person or group of persons own these things? How can a man own ground and space and sunlight and rain for crops? How can a man say "this is mine" about those things and refuse to let others share them? Therefore Marx says that these natural resources should belong to everyone, not divided into little pieces but used by all the people according to their ability to work. It is like this. Say a man died and left his mule to his four sons. The sons

If you done decide, then—come tell me about some of these here presents.』

behind. There was no part of the town that Singer did not know. He watched the yellow squares of light reflect from a thousand windows. The winter nights were beautiful. The sky was a cold azure and the stars were very brightOften it happened now that he would be spoken to and stopped during these walks. All kinds of people became acquainted with him. If the person who spoke to him was a stranghttｐｓ://reａｄ.９9ｃsｗ•comer, Singer presented his card so that his silence would be understood. He came to be known through all the town. He walked with his shoulders very straight and kept his hands always stuffed down into his pockets. Hisgray eyes seemed to take in everything around him, and in his face there was still the look of peace that is seen most often in those who are very wise or very sorrowful. He was always glad to stop with anyone wishing his company. For after all he was only walking and going nowhere.

Were he a white man?』

"I do not wish to be a servant!" That is the desire I have read over and over in these essays. Servant? Only one in a thousand of us is allowed to be a servant. We do not work! We do not serve!』

Doctor Copeland explained. He spelled the two names and cited dates. Are there any more questions? I wish each one of you to feel free to start or enter into any discussion.』

Doctor Copeland was silent a long time as though his words were complete. Then he spoke again:Our mission is to walk with strength and dignity through the days of our humiliation. Our pride must be strong, for we

Beginning with the bedroom, he set to work to put the house in order. On the top of the filing case there was a loose card—the note on Lancy Davis. The words that he would say to him began to form in his mind, and he was restless because he could not speak them now. The boys sullen face was full of heart and he could not thrust it from his thoughts. He opened the top drawer of the file to replace the card, A, B, C—he thumbed through the letters nervously. Then his eye was fixed on his own name: Copeland, Benedict Mady.

Doctor Copeland loosened the collar of his shirt, for in his throat there was a choked f eeling. The grievous love he felt within him was too much. He looked around him at the hushed guests. They waited. The groups of people in the yard and on the porch stood with the same quiet attention as did those in the room. A deaf old man leaned forward with his hand to his ear. A woman hushed a fretful baby with a pacifier. Mr.

Environment fair with one exception and well worth watching and all possible help. Keep contact. Fee: $ (?)』

The writer of the essay that troubled him was Lancy Davis. He had known the identity of the author before he turned the last sheet over and saw the signature. Already he had some trouble with Lancy. His older sister had gone out to work as a servant when she was eleven years old and she had been raped by her employer, a white man past middle age. Then a year or so later he had received an emergency call to attend Lancy.

"But I suppose I will have to confer the award on Lancy Davis.』

But dont clay for these here bricks cost money? And dont it take money to rent land and raise crops on?』

Many work a lifetime tending flower gar-dens for the pleasure of one or two people. Many of us polish slick waxed floors of fine houses. Or we drive automobiles for rich people who are too lazy to drive themselves. We spend our lives doing thousands of jobs that are of no real use to anybody. We labor and all of our labor is wasted. Is that service? No, that is slavery.

All will be well, he said.

Doctor Copeland moved about among the guests, a little crowd always surrounding him.

this. He not that kind of a boy. And I got this queer feeling.』

But did they? He started all over and retold what he had said.

"From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." All of us here know what it is to suffer for real need.

He believed in the holiness of the human spirit*

Portia peeled potatoes at the kitchen table. She was slumped over and her face was dolorous.

He held an X-ray up to the light. On the upper left lung there was a bright place like a calcified star. And lower down a large clouded spot that duplicated itself in the right lung farther up. Doctor Copeland quickly replaced the X-rays in the folder. Only the brief notes he had written on himself were still in his hand. The words stretched out large and scrawling so that he could hardly read them. —calcif. of lymph glands—very pronounced thickening of hili. Lesions arrested—duties resumed. —lesion reopened—X-ray shows------ Hecould not read the notes. At first he could not make out the words, and then when he read them clearly they made no reason. At the finish there were three words: Prognosis: Dont know.』

Us understand!』

Mr. Singer stood in the doorway. Many people stared at him.

Singer stood attentively in the doorway. Most of the young people sat on the floor. Among them was Lancy Davis. The boys lips were nervous and pale. He clasped his knees very tightly with his arms, and his young face was sullen. All the eyes in the room watched, and in them there was hunger for truth.

Yes, sir. The room was quiet again.

I certainly do appreciate.』

Meetings were held in the churhttｐs://rｅaｄ•９9ｃｓw•ｃomches almost every night.

Doctor Copeland stood in the center of the front room by the tree. He was dizzy. He shook hands and answered salutations with confusion. Personal gifts, some tied elaborately with

know the value of the human mind and soul. We must teach our children. We must sacrifice so that they may earn the dignity of study and wisdom. For the time will come. The time will come when the riches in us will not be held in scorn and contempt. The time will come when we will be allowed to serve. When we will labor and our labor will not be wasted.

A change came over Singer. Often he went out for the long walks that had occupied him during the months when Antonapoulos was first gone. These walks extended for miles in every direction and covered the whole of the town. He rambled through the dense neighborhoods along the river that were more squalid than ever since the mills had been slack this winter. In many eyes there was a look of somber loneliness. Now that people were forced to be idle, a certain

J. HE town had not known a winter as cold as this one for years. Frost formed on the windowpanes and whitened the roofs of houses. The winter afternoons glowed with a hazy lemon light and shadows were a delicate blue. A thin coat of ice crusted the puddles in the streets, and it was said on the day after Christmas that only ten miles to the north there was a light fall of snow.

Someone nagged at his elbow: He the one your Buddy named for? He answered yes. Lancy Davis followed him with questions; he answered yes to everything. The joy made him feel like a drunken man. To teach and exhort and explain to his people—and to have them understand. That was the best of all. To speak the truth and be attended.

Mighty Lord! Lead us from this wilderness of death！

I presume Mr. Marx was a Christian church man? asked the preacher.

People who are almost as much in need as we are ourselves.

Hallelujah! Save us, Lord!』

You right, Portia said. But I keep thinking about my Willie. I sure do wish he could enjoy this here party today. And I sure do wish I could get a letter from him. It just prey on my mind.

Time enough remained. Doctor Copeland washed and clothed himself carefully. For a while he tried to rehearse what he would say when the people had all come. But expectation and restlessness would not let him concentrate. Then at ten oclock the first guests arrived and within half an hour they were all assembled.

I were just thinking about Willie, she said. Course the letter is only three days due. But he got no business to worry me like

The morning sun had risen. The day would be bright and cold.

Doctor Copeland held his hand to his throat because his larynx was sore. Teachers, he said huskily. That is our greatest need. Leaders. Someone to unite and guide us.』

In the kitchen there were rich, sweet odors. A dishpan of coffee was on the stove and iced cakes filled a shelf in the cupboard.

A drop in the bucket.』

Have patience, Daughter.』

Tshaw! he said. This is not a hundredth part of what is needed.』

Most of his joy was gone in the bright, cool noonday sun. The diseases of his patients lay scattered in his mind. An abscessed kidney. Spinal meningitis. Potts disease. He lifted the crank of the automobile from the back seatUsually he hailed some passing Negro from the street to crank the car for him. His people were always glad to help and serve. But today he fitted the crank and turned it vigorously himself. He wiped the perspiration from his face with the sleeve of his overcoat and hurried to get beneath the wheel and on his way.

Mr. Singer was the last to leave. He was a truly good man. He was a white man of intellect and true knowledge. In him there was none of the mean insolence. When all had departed he was the last to remain. He waited and seemed to expect some final word.

And our mission is to await this time with strength and faith.』

We labor, but our labor is wasted. We are not allowed to serve. You students here this morning represent the fortunate few of our race. Most of our people are not allowed to go to school at all. For each one of you there are dozens of young people who can hardly write their names. We are denied the dignity of study and wisdom.

Us certainly have had one fine time at this party.』

The life mission of Karl Marx was to make all human beings equal and to divide the great wealth of the world so that there would be no poor or rich and each person would have his share. This is one of the commandments Karl Marx left to us: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs."『

He stood in the vestibule saying good-bye. Over and over he shook hands. He leaned heavily against the wall and only his eyes moved, for he was tired.

That is a great injustice. But there is one injustice bitterer even than that—to be denied the right to work accordinghttps://read.99csw.com to ones ability. To labor a lifetime uselessly. To be denied the chance to serve. It is far better for the profits of our purse to be taken from us than to be robbed of the riches of our minds and souls.

I just going to put these here presents out on the back steps and in the yard.』

This is the nineteenth year that we have gathered together in this room to celebrate Christmas Day. When our people first heard of the birth of Jesus Christ it was a dark time. Our people were sold as slaves in this town on the courthouse square. Since then we have heard and told thestory of His life more times than we could remember. So today our story will be a different one.

This hatred is a great evil, and no good can ever come from it.

The box contained nothing but junk—a headless doll, some duty lace, a rabbitskin. Doctor Copeland scrutinized each article. Do not throw them away. There is use for everything.

This time there were questions.

Singer walked through the scattered odorous parts of town where the Negroes crowded together. There was more gaiety and violence here. Often the fine, sharp smell of gin lingered in the alleys. Warm, sleepy firelight colored the windows.

Time wasted. The past hour gone.

?And we are not alone in this slavery. There are millions of others throughout the world, of all colors and races and creeds. This we must remember. There are many of our people who hate the poor of the white race, and they hate us. The people in this town living by the river who work in the mills.

The laughter in the room was uneasy.

Doctor Copeland paused a moment longer. The faces around him were waiting.

These main truths from Karl Marx we must keep in our hearts

Many happy returns of the day! The front of the house was thronged. Guests were blocked at the door and they formed groups on the front porch and in the yard. There was no pushing or rudeness; the turmoil was orderly. Friends called out to each other and strangers were introduced and clasped hands. Children and young people clotted together and moved back toward the kitchen. Christmas gift!』

Yes. But he did not think of himself as a white man. He said, "I consider nothing human as alien to myself." He thought of himself as a brother to all people.』

Doctor Copeland could not remember if he had welcomed him or not. The mute stood by himself. His face resembled somewhat a picture of Spinoza. A Jewish face. It was good to see him.

The gifts to be distributed at the party were in the kitchen.

Singer contributed a check for twelve dollars to be used for coal. And I have invited him to be present today. Holy Jesus! Portia said. Twelve dollars! I felt that it was proper to ask him. He is not like other people of the Caucasian race.』

"We in this room have no private properties. Perhaps one or two of us may own the homes we live in, or have a dollar or two set aside—but we own nothing that does not contribute directly toward keeping us alive. All that we own is our bodies. And we sell our bodies every day we live. We sell them when we go out in the morning to our jobs and when we labor all day. We are forced to sell at any price, at any time, for any purpose. We are forced to sell our bodies so that we can eat and live. And the price which is given us for this is only enough so that we will have the strength to labor longer for the profits of others. Today we are not put up on the platforms and sold at the courthouse square. But we are forced to sell our strength, our time, our souls during almost every hour that we live. We have been freed from one kind of slavery only to be delivered into another. Is this freedom? Are we yet free men?"A deep voice called out from the front yard. "That the real truth!』

think you done right well this year. Folks certainly have been kindly.』

care of the sanitation of this city, or works in a sawmill or on a farm. Another one out of the five is unable to get any work at all. But the other three out of this five— the greatest number of our people? Many of us cook for those who are incompetent to prepare the food that they themselves eat.

Portia pointed to a large box in the corner. These here —what you intend to do with them?』

It is a difficult decision to make this year, he said to Portia.

The words of Karl Marx have always been known in our hearts: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." 『

And none of this comes from white people. All from colored.』

A wrinkled, yellow palm waved timidly from the halL Were he the Mark in the Bible?』

In the folder were several lung X-rays and a short case history.

Lancy rose awkwardly to his feet. His sullen lips trembled. He bowed and accepted the award. Do you wish me to read the essay I have written?』

The old black, violent feeling came in him again. He leaned down and wrenched open a drawer at the bottom of the case.